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Edith Halpert
Edith Halpert or Edith Gregor Halpert (née Edith Gregoryevna Fivoosiovitch (Fein)) (1900–1970) was a pioneering New York City dealer of Modern art. Halpert brought recognition and market success to many avant-garde American artists over her forty-year career from 1926 through the 1960s. Her establishment, The Downtown Gallery, one of the first in Greenwich Village, introduced or showcased such modern art luminaries as Stuart Davis, Georgia O'Keeffe, Arthur Dove, Jacob Lawrence, Charles Sheeler, David Fredenthal, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Ben Shahn, Jack Levine, Marguerite and William Zorach, and many others.〔Pollack, Lindsay, ''The Girl With the Gallery: Edith Gregor Halpert And the Making of the Modern Art Market'', PublicAffairs, 2006. ISBN 978-1-58648-302-9〕 Halpert arrived in the U.S. as a penniless Russian Jewish immigrant, transformed the landscape of Modern art, and died at age 70 a multimillionaire. Sotheby's credited her with having put modernist painting auctions on the map with the posthumous sale of her collection for $3.6 million in 1973.〔Pollack, p. 383, 384.〕〔Goldstein, Malcolm, Landscape with Figures: A History of Art Dealing in the United States, Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-513673-9〕
==Early years==
Halpert was born Edith Gregoryevna Fivoosiovitch to Gregor and Frances Lucom Fivoosiovitch, Odessa, Ukraine, April 25, 1900. She had a sister, Sonia, ten years older. She emigrated in 1906 with her mother and sister, but without her father as he had died around her fourth birthday of tuberculosis. At this time the family name changed to Fivisovitch.〔 They initially settled on the west side of Harlem. At 16, Halpert worked at Bloomingdale's department store as a comptometer operator. She also studied drawing under Leon Kroll and Ivan Olinsky at the National Academy of Design and life drawing with George Bridgeman at the Art Students' League. In 1917, she met Samuel Halpert at John Weichsel's People's Art Guild and the two married the following year. Her experience in business continued with employment as an advertising manager at Stern Brothers department store and an efficiency expert at investment firms Cohen, Goldman and Fishman & Co. Between 1921 and 1925, Halpert served in a number of capacities with the bank investment firm S. W. Strauss & Co.; eventually appointed to the board of directors. An acquaintance with sculptor Elie Nadelman provided her first exposure to folk art. Her interest was further expanded by spending time in 1926, with Samuel, in Ogunquit, Maine, and artists Stefan Hirsch, Bernard Karfiol, Walt Kuhn, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Robert Laurent, Katherine Schmidt, Niles Spencer, and Marguerite and William Zorach. That same year, Halpert opened her own gallery.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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